To avoid a digital disruption in planning buildings and structures, this research presents a workflow in which building codes are represented as machine-readable knowledge graphs and ontologies as an integration to the building permit review procedure and the participation process. Therefore, the building permit process was analyzed, and possible applications of ontology-based knowledge representations are explored. An ontology-based building permit review (OntoBPR) is proposed, reusing two existing ontologies for modeling the permit review workflow for representing the building codes. The OntoBPR ontology extends the approach with a connection to Information Containers for linked Document Delivery (ICDD) that are used for submitting the building application, and the Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) of which rules are generated from the building code knowledge graphs.
OntoBPR: An ontological workflow for building permit review
an activity is executed after another activity
BuildingApplication applies a BuildingCodeDictionary for checking
a ReviewStatement belongs to a particular Activity
BuildingAuthority checks a building regarding a BuildingCodeDictionary
a BuildingApplication has a respective document (e.g. PDF) representing a human-readable version of the application
the reference from a BuildingApplication to an ICDD container
A Building has a document, which is the IFC representation of this Building
either a BuildingApplication has ReviewResult or a ReviewResult has sh:ValidationReport
a BuildingApplication is in the current Activity
abstract property grouping hasApplicationDocument and hasBuildingDocument
The classification of a ct:Document in an ICDD container in the context of a building application.
either an Activity or a BuildingCodeDictionary has a ShaclShapesSet
any ReviewStatement of any reviewer is attached to a BuildingApplication
the ReviewStatus of a BuildingApplication
a boolean property indicating whether an activity is completet or not
an Activity executed throughout the building permit review
The building that is subject of this building application
the building application that is submitted by an applicant for review
a building authority that is involved in a building permit review
A dictionary containing properties and shapes from a building code
a formulated condition statement of a conditionally accepted application
The Creating notification letter activity
The classification of a document in the context of a building application.
the Issuing notification letter activity
justification statement of a negative building permit review decision
the Justification of negative decision activity
(5.3b) Justification of negative decision
the review result of a particular agent incorporating a sh:ValidationReport
a general review statement for logging events during the building permit review
the status of the building application within the building permit review
a set of SHACL shapes for validating data at various activities of the building permit review
Das Antragsformular umfasst die Stammdaten des Antrags, z.B. Andressdaten, Kontaktdaten des Entwurfsverfassers, die Verfahrensart, Nachbarbeteiligungen, etc.
The application form includes the data of the application, e.g., address data, contact details of the design engineer/architect, type of procedure, neighbor participation, etc.
Antragsformular
Baubeschreibungen umfassen Informationen zur generellen Funktion des Gebäude (Gebäudetyp, Nutzungsart, etc.) und bei betrieblicher oder landwirtschaftlicher Nutzung auch eine betrieblichiche Beschreibung des Gebäude
Building descriptions include information on the general function of the building (building type, type of use, etc.) and, in the case of commercial or agricultural use, also an operational description of the building.
Baubeschreibung
Umfasst ein oder mehrere Modelle im Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) Format.
Includes one or more models in Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) format.
Bauwerksmodell
Umfassen üblicherweise Dokumente über spezielle Nachweise, z.B. des Brandschutzes, der Statik, des Schallschutzes oder der Barrierefreiheit.
Usually include documents relating to specific certifications or proofs, e.g., fire protection, structural stability, sound insulation, or accessibility.
Bautechnische Nachweise
Umfassen Planunterlagen, die das Grundstück und die Lage betreffen (üblicherweise im Maßstab größer als 1:500), z.B. Lageplan, Entwässerungsplan, Abstandsflächenplan
Include planning documents relating to the plot and its location (usually on a scale larger than 1:500), e.g., site plan, drainage plan, setbacks planning.
Grundstücksbezogene Planunterlagen
Umfassen technische Zeichnungen, die das Bauwerk betreffen (Maßstäbe üblicherweise 1:100, seltener auch Detailzeichnungen in Maßstab 1:50 oder kleiner), z.B. Ansichten, Schnitte, Grundrisse
Include technical drawings relating to the structure (usually on a scale of 1:100, less commonly detailed drawings on a scale of 1:50 or smaller), e.g. elevations, sections, floor plans.
Bauzeichnung
Nicht näher klassifiziert